#Pareto analysis

[imrovementcompany]

Analyze Phase of DMAIC in Lean Six Sigma

Introduction In continuous improvement, the Lean Six Sigma methodology is a proven approach for reducing waste, increasing efficiency, and driving business success. At the heart of Lean Six Sigma lies the DMAIC framework, a structured process for solving complex problems. DMAIC stands for Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control. In this blog post, we will focus on the Analyze phase, where…

[writ-large]

an inconvenient curmudgeon

WHEN YOU’RE SICK OF JORDAN PETERSON BUT HE KEEPS TALKING IN YOUR HEAD

-- Yes, IQ is a bell curve; almost half of everybody really are more or less headblind. (IQ Distribution Studies)

-- Yes, men run in packs, yes, they stupidly follow heedless braggarts. (Male Hierarchies)

-- Yes, 20% succeed while 80% mill around in mediocrity. (The Pareto Principle)

-- Yes, Disagreeability is a genetically-linked trait that won’t just go away. This is an euphemism for pig-headedness, arrogance, blind aggression and vindictiveness. (Five-Factor Analysis)

WE’RE AT THE TOP OF THE FOOD CHAIN BECAUSE WE’RE THE TOP PREDATOR. WE WISE UP OURSELVES OR WE BLUNDER ON IN DENIAL.

[sgrji]

What are 7 QC Tools? 7 QC Tools: The Foundation of Quality Management

In the realm of quality management, the 7 Quality Control (QC) tools, also known as the 7 Basic Tools of Quality, serve as the bedrock for analyzing and improving processes. These powerful tools, developed by Dr. Kaoru Ishikawa, are indispensable for identifying issues, making informed decisions, and enhancing overall quality. This article delves into the details of the 7 QC tools, their…

[nenelonomh]

time management in the ib

good time management is crucial in the ibdp (international baccalaureate diploma programme) due to its demanding workload and diverse requirements. effective time management helps you focus better on your tasks, leading to higher quality work and more efficient use of your time.

by organizing your schedule and prioritizing tasks, you can reduce feelings of being overwhelmed and manage stress more effectively.

good time management also allows you to allocate time for relaxation and social activities, which is essential for maintaining mental and physical health. the ibdp involves numerous assignments, projects, and exams, so managing your time well ensures you meet all deadlines without last-minute rushes.

balancing extra-curricular activities

balancing your ibdp workload with extracurricular activities can be challenging, but it’s definitely achievable with some strategic planning. here are a few tips to help you manage both effectively:

create a schedule: use a planner or digital calendar to map out your week. allocate specific time slots for studying, completing assignments, and participating in extracurricular activities. this helps ensure you dedicate enough time to each area without neglecting any.

prioritize tasks: identify your most important and urgent tasks each day. focus on completing these first before moving on to less critical activities. this way, you can stay on top of your ibdp requirements while still enjoying your extracurriculars.

set realistic goals: break down larger tasks into smaller, manageable steps. set achievable goals for each study session or activity, which can help you stay motivated and avoid feeling overwhelmed.

use downtime wisely: make use of short breaks between classes or activities to review notes, read, or complete small tasks. this means no doom scrolling. at all. these pockets of time can add up and help you stay productive.

communicate with teachers and mentors: let your teachers and extracurricular mentors know about your commitments. they can offer support, provide extensions if needed, and help you manage your workload more effectively.

take care of yourself: ensure you get enough sleep, eat well, and make time for relaxation. maintaining your physical and mental health is crucial for sustaining high performance in both academics and extracurriculars.

be flexible: sometimes, unexpected events or deadlines may arise. be prepared to adjust your schedule as needed and stay adaptable to changes.

practicing time-management techniques

there are several effective time management techniques that can help you stay organized and make the most of your time. here are a few popular ones:

pomodoro technique: work in focused intervals (usually 25 minutes) followed by a short break. this helps maintain concentration and prevent burnout.

time blocking: allocate specific blocks of time for different tasks or activities throughout your day. this ensures you dedicate time to important tasks without interruptions.

eisenhower matrix: prioritize tasks based on their urgency and importance. this helps you focus on what truly matters and avoid getting bogged down by less critical tasks.

pareto analysis (80/20 rule): focus on the 20% of tasks that will produce 80% of the results. or, the most urgent and impactful of the eishenhower matrix. this helps you prioritize high-impact activities.

experiment with these techniques to find which ones work best for you.

still struggling with time management?

if you’re still struggling with time management, don’t worry—it’s a common challenge, especially with a demanding program like the ibdp. here are a few additional steps you can take:

seek support: talk to your teachers, school counselors, or a mentor. they can offer guidance, resources, and strategies tailored to your specific situation.

review and adjust: regularly review your schedule and time management strategies. see what’s working and what isn’t, and make adjustments as needed.

limit distractions: identify and minimize distractions during study time. this might mean turning off notifications, finding a quiet study space, or using apps that block distracting websites (i recommend tracking yourself on ypt).

practice self-compassion: be kind to yourself. it’s okay to have off days or to struggle with time management. recognize your efforts and progress, and don’t be too hard on yourself.

consider professional help: if time management issues are significantly impacting your well-being or academic performance, consider seeking help from a professional, such as a therapist or a coach who specializes in time management.

in summary, mastering time management is crucial for success in both academic and personal areas. with commitment and practice, you can develop strong time management skills that will serve you well throughout your life. keep aiming for balance and don’t hesitate to ask for help when needed. you’ve got this!

❤️ nene

i hope this post helps, @cherrybros

[cicaklah]

get ready for my thoughts on yaoi UBI

So I’ve kvetched about UBI in the tags for long enough someone finally asked me what I was going on about so here we go! 

I will start with some caveats: 

I am British, and so I can only speak about the British specifics.

I have for the past twelve years worked as a professional health economist, and health economics is based on social welfare theory (specifically growing out of Arrow’s work in the 1960s and Sen’s work in the 80s/90s). I literally could talk forever about this, but I won’t. If you want to know more, read the pretty good wikipedia article on welfare economics.

But fundamental to welfare economics is two things: if we make a great big change, do the benefits outweigh the costs? And does the change make a fundamental change for good? (aka cost-benefit analysis and pareto efficiency).

The other thing you need to know about me is that I don’t like activists very much, because they never have to show their working, and my entire professional life is showing my working, and critiquing other people’s working. We all have ideas mate, show me the plan! I love a plan! and this isn't coming from anything but personal experience; I have been to talks by UBI activists before, including ones by economists, but I have never had the case made to me that UBI would be either cost-beneficial OR approach pareto efficient. In fact, it usually reminds me of arguments that are based on some other imaginary world, and then I get so annoyed I want to scream. 

In the early 2010s when I was first starting working as an economist, I was asked to build a model to see whether switching a disability benefit from government administered to individual administration would be cost-effective. Essentially, if you were newly in a wheelchair and you needed a ramp building up to your house, would it be better for the government to organise a contractor, or for you to be given a cash transfer and organise it yourself? The answer was that it wasn’t, but anyone who has ever had to hire a builder could have told you that, and the government didn’t have to pay my firm £30,000 to make that decision. But that is what UBI essentially is; a cash transfer where you get cash and the government gets to enjoy less responsibility.

There are 37.5 million people of working age in England. (Nearly) every single working person gets what's called a tax free allowance, where the government doesn’t claim income tax on the first £12,570. (Once you make over £120k, your allowance starts to decrease, and you lose it entirely at I think £150k)

Let’s assume that instead of just not claiming tax on this amount, the government switched to making that £12,570 your UBI. That is £471,375,000,000 just for England - just under half a trillion pounds. In cash, or nearest as in our modern economy. And not one off - Every year. 

Okay, let's say that the country does have a spare half a trillion a year (in cash) lying around. What is the benefit to switching from tax free allowance to UBI? Well, let's assume that no one stops working, so there would be the tax receipts from the 20% income tax on the £12,570, and that’s just a shade under £100 million. Not bad.

But if you’ve seen a UBI post, you will know that people like the idea because they will be able to work less. Which probably means that UBI will need to be paid for in some other way. Perhaps by cutting existing benefits. The universal credit cost is around £100 billion. So we’re still £300 billion short, and honestly, you wouldn’t cut all of universal credit anyway, probably only the unemployment benefits, but I’m not digging into the maths on that tonight. 

But, look, I am sympathetic. I am a welfarist. I genuinely believe that the economy is not just money, that welfare is happiness, it is utility, it is all the stuff that makes life worth living, and it is the responsibility of the government to maximise the welfare/happiness/utility/quality of life of the country through efficient use of taxation and other sources of money. So people give the government money and it spends it on goods and services and then people get utility, and then they spend their own money to get more utility, and ultimately we can gain intangible things that are incredibly valuable. 

But the problem is that cash is cash, cold and hard and very real. I don’t know how unlimited spare time translates into half a trillion real pound coins. I wouldn’t know how to build a model that complex and uncertain, especially as this all assumes that you can live on 12k a year, and that whatever replaces progressive taxation is equally progressive. I haven’t even touched on how having a convoluted welfare state insures it somewhat against being entirely destroyed after a change in political opinions, aka what I call the daily mail test. You think the narrative about people on welfare is bad now? But also, how would you deal with people who didn’t manage their UBI money well? What happens if there is a personal crisis?

The more I look at it, the more the existing system is actually remarkably good value for money. Individualism is expensive. Collective decision making and spending is just cheaper. 

Ultimately I don’t see the additional benefit of UBI, requiring a pie in the sky change, when it is far, far, far more cost effective to strengthen the existing regime across the board; taxation law, social safety net, childcare, working laws, education and health - all systems that are already in place, and have a thousand times higher likelihood to be pareto optimal and cost effective than trying to find half a trillion pounds of cash round the back of the sofa, while torching 150 years of progress so middle class people can write their book without having to have a job. If I was conspiracy minded I would say that UBI feels like a psy-op, trying to shut down old fashioned progress in favour of ripping it all out and starting again.

Ultimately, that is my real annoyance. It is far, far, far cheaper for the government to provide you with your new ramp for your house, and that is done through politics, but not fun moonshot politics, the hard shit that isn’t sexy.

[engineeringwork]

Maximizing Efficiency with Pareto Analysis

Source: https://rambox.app/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/The-power-of-Pareto-analysis.png

In the fast-paced world of business and problem-solving, prioritizing actions can make the difference between success and failure. Enter Pareto Analysis, a powerful tool rooted in the 80/20 rule, which helps identify the most significant factors affecting outcomes. This principle, named after the Italian economist Vilfredo Pareto, asserts that 80% of effects often come from 20% of causes. Here’s why and how Pareto Analysis can transform your approach to tackling challenges.

The Power of the 80/20 Rule

The 80/20 rule is both simple and profound. It suggests that a small number of causes (20%) are responsible for the majority of effects (80%). In business, this might mean that 80% of your revenue comes from 20% of your customers, or 80% of your problems stem from 20% of the underlying causes. Recognizing this disproportionate distribution allows you to focus your efforts on the areas that will yield the most significant improvements.

Implementing Pareto Analysis

Identify Key Issues: Begin by listing all the problems or causes related to the situation at hand. This could be defects in a product, customer complaints, or sources of inefficiency.

Quantify the Impact: Measure the frequency or severity of each issue. This data-driven approach ensures your analysis is based on facts, not assumptions.

Rank and Prioritize: Arrange the issues from most significant to least significant. This ranking helps in visualizing which problems are the most critical.

Create a Pareto Chart: Construct a bar graph with causes on the x-axis and their impact on the y-axis. Add a cumulative percentage line to see how quickly the issues add up to 80% of the problem.

Benefits of Pareto Analysis

Focus on What Matters: By zeroing in on the most impactful issues, you can allocate resources more effectively and achieve quicker results.

Data-Driven Decisions: Pareto Analysis removes guesswork, allowing decisions to be based on solid data.

Improved Efficiency: Addressing the key causes first leads to significant improvements with less effort.

Real-World Example

Consider a software company facing numerous customer complaints. A Pareto Analysis might reveal that 80% of complaints come from 20% of the software bugs. By prioritizing fixes for these critical bugs, the company can significantly enhance user satisfaction and reduce the volume of complaints.

Conclusion

Pareto Analysis is a game-changer for anyone looking to optimize processes and solve problems efficiently. By focusing on the vital few causes that have the greatest impact, you can make meaningful progress without being overwhelmed by the many lesser issues. Embrace the 80/20 rule and watch your efficiency and effectiveness soar.

Maximize your impact with Pareto Analysis, and turn your biggest challenges into your most significant victories.

📊✨ #ParetoAnalysis #8020Rule #Efficiency #ProblemSolving #DataDriven #BusinessStrategy #Optimize

[and-then-there-were-n0ne]

Power laws, whereby a small number of people tend to be responsible for a huge proportion of any phenomenon, can be found in all human activity, whether it be income, book sales by authors, or number of sexual partners; the most well-known, the Pareto principle, or the 80/20 rule, originally comes from Italian land ownership.

Lawbreaking, too, observes a power law, so that a huge proportion of crime is committed by a very small number of offenders who have an outsized impact on society.

Inquisitive Bird wrote that power laws are ‘observed for arrests, convictions and even self-reported delinquent behavior’. He cited British data which shows that ‘70% of custodial sentences are imposed on those with at least seven previous convictions or cautions, and 50% are imposed on those with at least 15 previous convictions or cautions (Cuthbertson, 2017).

‘But perhaps the most illustrative study is by Falk et al. (2014), who used Swedish nationwide data of all 2.4 million individuals born in 1958–1980 and looked at the distribution of violent crime convictions. In short, they found that 1% of people were accountable for 63% of all violent crime convictions, and 0.12% of people accounted for 20% of violent crime convictions.’

Therefore in Sweden, some ‘70–80% of violent crimes are recidivism after an earlier conviction for a violent crime’, and ‘approximately half of violent crime convictions were committed by people who already had 3 or more violent crime convictions. In other words, if after being convicted of 3 violent crimes people were prevented from further offending, half of violent crime convictions would have been avoided.’

The author notes that, although ‘America has a reputation of a very harsh penal system that is very quick to lock anyone up’, this is not true. In fact one study found that ‘72.8% of federal offenders sentenced had been convicted of a prior offense. The average number of previous convictions was 6.1 among offenders with criminal history.’

Contrary to what received opinion in Britain believes, America is not a particularly punitive country; in fact criminals are often allowed to repeatedly offend until the inevitable tragedy happens.

The post cites analysis by the National Institute for Criminal Justice Reform which finds that ‘Overall, most victims and suspects with prior criminal offenses had been arrested about 11 times for about 13 different offenses by the time of the homicide. This count only refers to adult arrests and juvenile arrests were not included.’

In Washington DC, about 60–70% of all gun violence is carried out by just 500 individuals, and the same Pareto principle applies to shoplifting, the bane of big liberal cities like San Francisco or Vancouver, where 40 offenders were arrested 6,000 times in a year.

According to the New York Times, ‘Nearly a third of all shoplifting arrests in New York City last year involved just 327 people, the police said. Collectively, they were arrested and rearrested more than 6,000 times.’ That third is therefore committed by less than 0.004% of New York’s population.

The same is true of Britain. According to the Daily Telegraph, ‘Prolific thieves are being caught and convicted of stealing up to 50 times before they are jailed by the courts.

‘Violent offenders are escaping jail until they have been convicted of up to 25 common assaults, while some are accruing as many as seven or eight repeat convictions for carrying a knife before they are given a prison sentence. Other criminals are collecting more than 20 drug convictions before being jailed.’

The paper reported that one-tenth of offenders in England and Wales commit half of all crimes, and that ‘10,400 “super-prolific” offenders who had been convicted of more than 50 previous offences each were spared jail over the past three years’. Between 2019 and 2021, 100,000 offenders with more than 16 previous convictions avoided prison.

They also found that for theft, prolific offenders had to rack up 49 previous convictions or cautions before they were jailed, ‘For robbery – theft with force or the threat of violence – it was nine previous such offences’, and for common assault 25 such attacks.

In 2020, one burglar was only jailed after 20 convictions; one knife offender was caught seven times with weapons before going down, and another eight times. ‘Even for sexual assault, the worst offender had been convicted of five previous attacks before being jailed in 2020, and three in 2021.’ How can someone commit five sexual assaults and still not be jailed?

Yet people convicted of multiple crimes will almost certainly have committed many, many more. One study ‘followed 411 South London men from age 8–9 in the early 1960s through their lives’ and found they admitted to ‘committing many hundreds of times more crimes than they were ever caught for.’ On top of this, most burglars also routinely shoplift, and the fact that people who self-report greater numbers of crimes tend to get caught and convicted later in life ‘implies that self reports have some level of validity’.

Unsurprisingly, British criminals released after short sentences of less than 12 months are more likely than not to reoffend within a year, while only 5% of those who endure stretches of 10 years or more do so.

All of this has huge implications for crime policy and suggests that merely relying on higher clear-up rates, and the stronger possibility of detection, are not enough in themselves. [...]

What matters is that persistent wrongdoers are kept away from society.

A friend based in Singapore has on occasion sent pictures of his bike, in a rack on a main road where he leaves it overnight, unlocked. The fact that he does so, and expects to see it in the morning, is almost mind-blowing to me. [...]

But such levels of civilisation are simply impossible when a small minority of criminals are allowed to mingle freely in society. Urban honesty boxes are impossible not because British society is inherently wicked but because a relatively tiny number of people would clear them out. Imprisoning several thousand more persistent wrongdoers, for long stretches, would bring Britain’s crime rates down to similar levels enjoyed in Singapore, where shops can stay open into the small hours without security, and women can walk home late at night listening to music on their earphones.

Until policymakers accept that prolific criminals have to be incapacitated, the rest of us are condemned to a quality of life well below what we should expect.

[chicago-geniza]

Well Agnes there is a very very long answer that involves a lot of discourse analysis & historicism but the tl;dr is Mosca, Pareto, Michels, & the Italian school of elitism --> laundered into American English sociopolitical vernacular in the 50s and 60s, I'd cite C. Wright Mills' The Power Elite (1956) and G. William Domhoff's Who Rules America (1967) off the dome if we're talking trade paperbacks with popular readership, also part of why Elite Capture made me insane and I couldn't get past the intro, it didn't adequately account for the intellectual origins of ~elite theory or interrogate how "elites" often doubles as a dogwhistle

Per your question re: terminology on a purely semantic level I'd say it's because "ruler" implies sovereignty and "elite" implies a kind of soft power, plus applies to non-gov't subjects (plus the shadowy vizier vibe goes hand in hand with aforementioned dogwhistles and the conspiratorial logics they signal)

Why am I talking to Agnes's mastodon posts at 10.30 pm. Analytic philosophers please learn one (1) thing about sociology and the history of Discourses I guess lol

[4cplconsultancy2005]

7 QUALITY CONTROL TOOLS FOR PROCESS IMPROVEMENT

“As much as 95 per cent of all quality-related problems in the factory can be solved with seven fundamental quantitative tools.”

-Kaoru Ishikawa, The inventor of Fishbone Diagram

In today’s customer-centric market, quality is an integral factor in the growth and sustainability of any business. Businesses go the extra mile to provide the best and excellent customer experience to ensure customer satisfaction. Hence, efficient quality management which has the highest impact on customer experience is one of the most essential features for any business.

Introduced by Kaoru Ishikawa, the seven basic tools of quality also known as 7QC tools are very effective in quality management and quality assurance process. So, businesses who want to ensure competitive and excellent quality of their products and services can utilize the proven 7QC tools for structuring a strategic plan for quality improvement.

LIST OF 7 QC TOOLS

Cause and Effect Diagram

Cause and Effect Diagram also known as Fishbone Diagram helps in identifying the potential causes of an effect or a problem. In addition to sorting ideas in respective categories, it also helps in understanding the areas of opportunity through effective brainstorming. Fishbone training empowers you to identify the potential cause in the problem.

Control Chart

Control charts are used to study how the processes have changed over a period of time. Further, by comparing current data to historical control limits, one could lead to the conclusion about whether the process variation is consistent as in under control or unpredictable as in out of the control due to being affected by special causes of variation.

Pareto Chart

Pareto Chart is based on the 80/20 rule where it shows the significant factors that have the highest impact on the identified problem.

Check Sheet

Check sheet is a structured process which helps to collect and analyzing data. It is an effective tool that can be for a variety of purposes.

Histogram

Histogram is commonly used a graph that shows the data and its frequency of distribution to help users identify each different value in a set of data occurs.

Scatter Diagram

Scatter diagram shows the relationship between two important factors i.e. pairs of numerical data, one variable on each axis to demonstrate the relationship.

Stratification

Stratification also known as a flow chart or run chart is a technique that separates the data gathered from a variety of sources so that patterns can be seen i.e., the path an entity has taken through a defined process.

Utilizing the 7 QC tools in six sigma or quality management process helps in taking a systematic approach to identify and understand the risk, assess the risk, control fluctuation of product quality and accordingly provide solutions to avoid future defects.

WHEN SHOULD YOU USE 7 QC TOOLS?

7 QC tools can be carried out during the quality management, quality improvement process, six sigma implementation processes or even the regular PDCA cycle for the quality purpose for enhanced quality management.

In the first phase of measuring and identifying, Fishbone Diagram also known as cause and effect diagram, Pareto Chart and Control Chart can be utilized. In the next phases of assessment and analysis, Scatter Diagram, Histogram and Checklist can be carried out. The Control Chart can be utilized consistent quality improvement.

BENEFITS OF 7 QC TOOLS

The 7 QC tools are structured and fundamental instruments that help businesses improve their management and production process for achieving enhanced product quality.

From assessing and examining the production process, identification of key challenges and problems to controlling the fluctuation present in the product quality and providing solutions for prevention of defects in future, the easy to understand and implement, 7 QC tools are very effective. Some of the major business benefits of 7 QC tools are listed below.

Provides a more structured path for problem-solving and quality improvement

Easy to understand as well as implement yet extremely effective

A scientific and logical approach for problem-solving

Follows the 80/20 rule i.e. gain 80% result with 20% efforts

Improve the quality of product and services

Helps in identifying and analyzing problems during the process

Fishbone training aides in root cause analysis and problem-solving

Encourages team spirit and fosters a healthy culture

Identifies roots cause and solve it permanently

Enhance customer experience and customer satisfaction

Based on the data-driven process and customer-centric approach, 7 QC tools implementation is one of the most effective processes that too in the shortest amount of time.

4C team of certified professionals has provided 80+ implementation of 7 QC Tools and 120+ 7 QC Tools Training. By solving 200+ quality problems, 4C has empowered clients to reduce the 80% cost of poor quality.  To accelerate your quality management process and reduce your cost of poor quality, contact our experts now.

[malodabivictor]

Daftar istilah dan metode dalam Statistika:

1. Data

2. Variabel

3. Rata-rata (Mean)

4. Median

5. Modus

6. Standar Deviasi

7. Distribusi Normal

8. Regresi

9. Korelasi

10. Uji Hipotesis

11. Interval Kepercayaan

12. Chi-Square

13. ANOVA

14. Regresi Linier

15. Metode Maximum Likelihood (ML)

16. Bootstrap

17. Pengambilan Sampel Acak Sederhana

18. Distribusi Poisson

19. Teorema Pusat Batas

20. Pengujian Non-parametrik

21. Analisis Regresi Logistik

22. Statistik Deskriptif

23. Grafik

24. Pengambilan Sampel Berstrata

25. Pengambilan Sampel Klaster

26. Statistik Bayes

27. Statistik Inferensial

28. Statistik Parametrik

29. Statistik Non-Parametrik

30. Pengujian A/B (A/B Testing)

31. Pengujian Satu Arah dan Dua Arah

32. Validitas dan Reliabilitas

33. Peramalan (Forecasting)

34. Analisis Faktor

35. Regresi Logistik Ganda

36. Model Linier General (GLM)

37. Korelasi Kanonikal

38. Uji T

39. Uji Z

40. Uji Wilcoxon

41. Uji Mann-Whitney

42. Uji Kruskal-Wallis

43. Uji Friedman

44. Uji Chi-Square Pearson

45. Uji McNemar

46. Uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov

47. Uji Levene

48. Uji Shapiro-Wilk

49. Uji Durbin-Watson

50. Metode Kuadrat Terkecil (Least Squares Method)

51. Uji F

52. Uji t Berpasangan

53. Uji t Independen

54. Uji Chi-Square Kemerdekaan

55. Analisis Komponen Utama (PCA)

56. Analisis Diskriminan

57. Pengujian Homogenitas Varians

58. Pengujian Normalitas

59. Peta Kendali (Control Chart)

60. Grafik Pareto

61. Sampling Proporsional Terhadap Ukuran (PPS)

62. Pengambilan Sampel Multistage

63. Pengambilan Sampel Sistematis

64. Pengambilan Sampel Stratified Cluster

65. Statistik Spasial

66. Uji K-Sample Anderson-Darling

67. Statistik Bayes Empiris

68. Regresi Nonlinier

69. Regresi Logistik Ordinal

70. Estimasi Kernel

71. Pengujian Kuadrat Terkecil Penilaian Residu (LASSO)

72. Analisis Survival (Survival Analysis)

73. Regresi Cox Proportional Hazards

74. Analisis Multivariat

75. Pengujian Homogenitas

76. Pengujian Heteroskedastisitas

77. Interval Kepercayaan Bootstrap

78. Pengujian Bootstrap

79. Model ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average)

80. Skala Likert

81. Metode Jackknife

82. Statistik Epidemiologi

83. Statistik Genetik

84. Statistik Olahraga

85. Statistik Sosial

86. Statistik Bisnis

87. Statistik Pendidikan

88. Statistik Medis

89. Statistik Lingkungan

90. Statistik Keuangan

91. Statistik Geospasial

92. Statistik Psikologi

93. Statistik Teknik Industri

94. Statistik Pertanian

95. Statistik Perdagangan dan Ekonomi

96. Statistik Hukum

97. Statistik Politik

98. Statistik Media dan Komunikasi

99. Statistik Teknik Sipil

100. Statistik Sumber Daya Manusia

101. Regresi Logistik Binomialis

102. Uji McNemar-Bowker

103. Uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov Lilliefors

104. Uji Jarque-Bera

105. Uji Mann-Kendall

106. Uji Siegel-Tukey

107. Uji Kruskal-Wallis Tingkat Lanjut

108. Statistik Proses

109. Statistik Keandalan (Reliability)

110. Pengujian Bootstrap Berkasus Ganda

111. Pengujian Bootstrap Berkasus Baku

112. Statistik Kualitas

113. Statistik Komputasi

114. Pengujian Bootstrap Kategorikal

115. Statistik Industri

116. Metode Penghalusan (Smoothing Methods)

117. Uji White

118. Uji Breusch-Pagan

119. Uji Jarque-Bera Asimetri dan Kurtosis

120. Statistik Eksperimental

121. Statistik Multivariat Tidak Parametrik

122. Statistik Stokastik

123. Statistik Peramalan Bisnis

124. Statistik Parametrik Bayes

125. Statistik Suku Bunga

126. Statistik Tenaga Kerja

127. Analisis Jalur (Path Analysis)

128. Statistik Fuzzy

129. Statistik Ekonometrika

130. Statistik Inflasi

131. Statistik Kependudukan

132. Statistik Teknik Pertambangan

133. Statistik Kualitatif

134. Statistik Kuantitatif

135. Analisis Ragam Keterkaitan (Canonical Correlation Analysis)

136. Uji Kuadrat Terkecil Parsial (Partial Least Squares Regression)

137. Uji Haar

138. Uji Jarque-Bera Multivariat

139. Pengujian Bootstrap Berkasus Acak

140. Pengujian Bootstrap Berkasus Tak Baku

[yakourinka]

quality function deployment pareto analysis sprint burndown chart nominal grouping technique fishbone diagram SWOT metrics sanity loss sfx

[imrovementcompany]

Continuous Improvement

The manufacturing sector is highly competitive, and companies must continually improve their processes. In this article, we will discuss a step-by-step approach to continuous improvement in manufacturing. We will focus on collecting data for the process, prioritizing problems, monitoring defects, identifying the root cause of defects, standardizing the fix, and confirming the solution’s…

[businessviewpointmag]

Root Cause Analysis Techniques: Uncovering the True Issues

Root cause analysis (RCA) is a crucial process for identifying the underlying reasons for problems or failures in various industries. In the Indian context, where businesses strive for efficiency and effectiveness, understanding and applying root cause analysis techniques can lead to significant improvements in quality, productivity, and customer satisfaction. This article explores various root cause analysis techniques, their importance, and practical applications across different sectors.

What is Root Cause Analysis?

Root cause analysis is a systematic approach to identifying the fundamental causes of problems. Unlike superficial troubleshooting, which focuses on symptoms, RCA digs deeper to reveal the factors contributing to an issue. By understanding these root causes, organizations can implement effective solutions that prevent recurrence.

The importance of RCA in India cannot be overstated. With a rapidly growing economy, Indian businesses face numerous challenges ranging from supply chain disruptions to quality control issues. Employing effective root cause analysis techniques helps companies not only resolve current problems but also build a resilient framework to address future challenges.

Common Root Cause Analysis Techniques

1. 5 Whys Technique

The 5 Whys technique is a simple yet effective method for uncovering the root cause of a problem. It involves asking “Why?” five times in succession until the underlying issue is identified. This technique is particularly useful in manufacturing and service industries.

Example:

Problem: A machine has stopped working.

Why? (1) The fuse has blown.

Why? (2) The machine was overloaded.

Why? (3) The operator did not follow the load guidelines.

Why? (4) The operator was not trained properly.

Why? (5) The training program was not comprehensive.

This example illustrates how the 5 Whys technique reveals a lack of training as the root cause of the problem, leading to targeted solutions.

2. Fishbone Diagram (Ishikawa Diagram)

The Fishbone diagram is a visual tool that categorizes potential causes of a problem. It resembles a fish skeleton, with the problem at the head and various categories (e.g., people, processes, materials, equipment) as the bones. This technique is beneficial for team discussions and brainstorming sessions.

Application: In the Indian IT sector, a Fishbone diagram can help teams identify the causes of software bugs, categorizing them into people, process, technology, and environment.

3. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA)

Image-by-MrIncredible

FMEA is a proactive approach used to identify potential failure modes in a product or process. By evaluating the impact and likelihood of these failures, organizations can prioritize which issues to address first. This technique is prevalent in manufacturing and healthcare industries.

Example: A pharmaceutical company in India might use FMEA to assess risks in its drug manufacturing process, ensuring that critical failures are addressed before they occur.

4. Pareto Analysis

Pareto Analysis is based on the Pareto Principle, which states that 80% of problems often stem from 20% of causes. By identifying and focusing on these critical few causes, organizations can make significant improvements. This technique is particularly useful in quality management.

Application: In Indian manufacturing, companies can use Pareto Analysis to determine which defects occur most frequently, allowing them to allocate resources effectively to resolve the most significant issues.

5. Root Cause Tree Analysis

Root Cause Tree Analysis is a graphical method that helps teams visualize the relationship between various causes and their effects. It starts with a problem and branches out to show direct and indirect causes, helping teams see how multiple factors may contribute to an issue.

Application: In the Indian healthcare sector, a hospital might use Root Cause Tree Analysis to investigate patient readmission rates, identifying various factors like treatment quality, patient education, and follow-up care.

Importance of Root Cause Analysis Techniques in India

The application of root cause analysis techniques is essential for organizations in India for several reasons:

Enhanced Quality Control: By identifying the underlying causes of defects or failures, companies can implement corrective measures that lead to higher quality products and services.

Cost Reduction: Addressing root causes rather than symptoms helps organizations save money in the long run. For instance, manufacturers can reduce rework and warranty claims by resolving underlying issues.

Increased Efficiency: Effective RCA techniques streamline processes by eliminating repetitive problems. This efficiency is vital for Indian businesses competing in a global marketplace.

Improved Customer Satisfaction: Resolving the root causes of customer complaints leads to higher satisfaction and loyalty. Indian companies can benefit greatly from understanding and addressing these concerns.

Cultural Transformation: Encouraging a culture of continuous improvement and problem-solving through RCA techniques fosters an environment where employees are empowered to identify and address issues proactively.

Implementing Root Cause Analysis Techniques

To successfully implement root cause analysis techniques in an organization, consider the following steps:

Identify the Problem: Clearly define the issue you want to investigate, ensuring that all team members understand it.

Gather Data: Collect relevant data related to the problem. This may include process documentation, employee interviews, and historical performance data.

Choose the Right Technique: Select the most appropriate RCA technique based on the problem and available resources. Different situations may require different methods.

Analyze the Data: Work collaboratively with your team to analyze the data and identify potential root causes. Use visual tools like Fishbone diagrams to facilitate discussions.

Develop and Implement Solutions: Once root causes are identified, develop actionable solutions and implement them. Monitor the effectiveness of these solutions over time.

Review and Reflect: After implementation, review the results to ensure the problem is resolved. Reflect on the RCA process to identify lessons learned for future issues.

Conclusion

Root cause analysis is an indispensable tool for organizations looking to improve quality, efficiency, and customer satisfaction. By applying various root cause analysis techniques, Indian businesses can not only solve current problems but also build a robust framework for future success. As the Indian economy continues to evolve, investing in RCA will be a key differentiator for companies aiming for excellence in their operations.

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IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation, Volume 28, Issue 6

1) Multitask Linear Genetic Programming With Shared Individuals and Its Application to Dynamic Job Shop Scheduling

Author(s): Zhixing Huang, Yi Mei, Fangfang Zhang, Mengjie Zhang

Pages: 1546 - 1560

2) Evaluation of Frameworks That Combine Evolution and Learning to Design Robots in Complex Morphological Spaces

Author(s): Wei Li, Edgar Buchanan, Léni K. Le Goff, Emma Hart, Matthew F. Hale, Bingsheng Wei, Matteo De Carlo, Mike Angus, Robert Woolley, Zhongxue Gan, Alan F. Winfield, Jon Timmis, Agoston E. Eiben, Andy M. Tyrrell

Pages: 1561 - 1574

3) Quality Indicators for Preference-Based Evolutionary Multiobjective Optimization Using a Reference Point: A Review and Analysis

Author(s): Ryoji Tanabe, Ke Li

Pages: 1575 - 1589

4) GPU-Based Genetic Programming for Faster Feature Extraction in Binary Image Classification

Author(s): Rui Zhang, Yanan Sun, Mengjie Zhang

Pages: 1590 - 1604

5) A Unified Innovized Progress Operator for Performance Enhancement in Evolutionary Multi- and Many-Objective Optimization

Author(s): Sukrit Mittal, Dhish Kumar Saxena, Kalyanmoy Deb, Erik D. Goodman

Pages: 1605 - 1619

6) Bi-Population-Enhanced Cooperative Differential Evolution for Constrained Large-Scale Optimization Problems

Author(s): Puyu Jiang, Jun Liu, Yuansheng Cheng

Pages: 1620 - 1632

7) Transfer-Based Particle Swarm Optimization for Large-Scale Dynamic Optimization With Changing Variable Interactions

Author(s): Xiao-Fang Liu, Zhi-Hui Zhan, Jun Zhang

Pages: 1633 - 1643

8) Cooperative Co-Evolution for Large-Scale Multiobjective Air Traffic Flow Management

Author(s): Tong Guo, Yi Mei, Ke Tang, Wenbo Du

Pages: 1644 - 1658

9) Benchmarking Analysis of Evolutionary Neural Architecture Search

Author(s): Zeqiong Lv, Chao Qian, Yanan Sun

Pages: 1659 - 1673

10) Rapidly Evolving Soft Robots via Action Inheritance

Author(s): Shulei Liu, Wen Yao, Handing Wang, Wei Peng, Yang Yang

Pages: 1674 - 1688

11) A Semantic-Based Hoist Mutation Operator for Evolutionary Feature Construction in Regression

Author(s): Hengzhe Zhang, Qi Chen, Bing Xue, Wolfgang Banzhaf, Mengjie Zhang

Pages: 1689 - 1703

12) Exact and Metaheuristic Algorithms for Variable Reduction

Author(s): Aijuan Song, Guohua Wu, Ling Zhou, Ling Wang, Witold Pedrycz

Pages: 1704 - 1718

13) A Multiform Evolutionary Search Paradigm for Bilevel Multiobjective Optimization

Author(s): Yinglan Feng, Liang Feng, Sam Kwong, Kay Chen Tan

Pages: 1719 - 1732

14) Multitask Evolution Strategy With Knowledge-Guided External Sampling

Author(s): Yanchi Li, Wenyin Gong, Shuijia Li

Pages: 1733 - 1745

15) Compromising Pareto-Optimality With Regularity in Platform-Based Multiobjective Optimization

Author(s): Ritam Guha, Kalyanmoy Deb

Pages: 1746 - 1760

16) Genetic Programming for Dynamic Flexible Job Shop Scheduling: Evolution With Single Individuals and Ensembles

Author(s): Meng Xu, Yi Mei, Fangfang Zhang, Mengjie Zhang

Pages: 1761 - 1775

17) Solution Transfer in Evolutionary Optimization: An Empirical Study on Sequential Transfer

Author(s): Xiaoming Xue, Cuie Yang, Liang Feng, Kai Zhang, Linqi Song, Kay Chen Tan

Pages: 1776 - 1793

18) Sustainable Scheduling of Distributed Flow Shop Group: A Collaborative Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm Driven by Indicators

Author(s): Yuhang Wang, Yuyan Han, Yuting Wang, Quan-Ke Pan, Ling Wang

Pages: 1794 - 1808

19) Offline Data-Driven Optimization at Scale: A Cooperative Coevolutionary Approach

Author(s): Yue-Jiao Gong, Yuan-Ting Zhong, Hao-Gan Huang

Pages: 1809 - 1823

20) Balancing Different Optimization Difficulty Between Objectives in Multiobjective Feature Selection

Author(s): Zhenshou Song, Handing Wang, Bing Xue, Mengjie Zhang

Pages: 1824 - 1837

21) Noisy Evolutionary Optimization With Application to Grid-Based Persistent Monitoring

Author(s): Xiaoyu He, Xueyan Tang, Zibin Zheng, Yuren Zhou

Pages: 1838 - 1851

22) Evolutionary Multitasking for Multiobjective Feature Selection in Classification

Author(s): Jiabin Lin, Qi Chen, Bing Xue, Mengjie Zhang

Pages: 1852 - 1866

23) Grid Classification-Based Surrogate-Assisted Particle Swarm Optimization for Expensive Multiobjective Optimization

Author(s): Qi-Te Yang, Zhi-Hui Zhan, Xiao-Fang Liu, Jian-Yu Li, Jun Zhang

Pages: 1867 - 1881

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Valtitude -Product Portfolio Management

Impact of Data Volatility on Forecasting

Measuring Volatility

Impact of multiple Extreme Observations on Volatility

SKU Segmentation for demand modeling & inventory strategies

Modeling by exception

ABC analysis - Classification philosophy

Pareto analysis  based on dollar usage

Item criticality

Excess, obsolete and Slow-moving Alignment with the product lifecycle

Discontinuance and end of life (EOL)

Process flow for Segmenting SKUs

Example using a three-dimensional matrix; ABC / Volume / Critical / Status; the excess, obsolete impact of Segmentation on Cycle Counting and Inventory Accuracy.

To know More, Visit Us:

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The Future of Quality Management: How Will the 7 QC Tools Evolve with AI and Automation?

The seven quality control tools (7 QC tools) have been a cornerstone of quality management for decades. These simple yet effective tools, including Pareto charts, histograms, check sheets, cause-and-effect diagrams, flowcharts, stratified charts, and scatter diagrams, have helped organizations identify and address quality issues. As technology continues to advance, particularly with the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) and automation, it's imperative to explore how these tools will evolve and enhance quality management practices.

The Impact of AI on Quality Management

AI has the potential to revolutionize quality management by automating tasks, improving data analysis, and providing predictive insights. Here's how AI can enhance the 7 QC tools:

Data Collection and Analysis:

Automated data collection: AI-powered systems can collect data from various sources, including sensors, machines, and databases, in real-time. This eliminates manual data entry errors and ensures data accuracy.

Advanced data analysis: AI algorithms can analyze vast datasets to identify patterns, trends, and anomalies that would be difficult or time-consuming for humans to detect. This enables organizations to pinpoint root causes of quality issues more efficiently.

Predictive Maintenance:

Predictive analytics: AI can analyze historical data and identify potential failures before they occur. This allows for proactive maintenance, reducing downtime and improving overall product quality.

Optimized maintenance schedules: AI can help determine the optimal frequency and scope of maintenance tasks based on real-time data and predictive models.

Process Optimization:

Process simulation: AI can simulate various process scenarios to identify bottlenecks, inefficiencies, and potential improvements.

Automated process adjustments: AI can automatically adjust process parameters in real-time to optimize performance and minimize defects.

The Role of Automation in Quality Management

Automation, in conjunction with AI, can further enhance the 7 QC tools by streamlining tasks and reducing human error. Here are some key areas where automation can make a significant impact:

Inspection and Testing:

Automated inspection systems: AI-powered vision systems can inspect products for defects at high speed and accuracy, reducing the need for manual inspection.

Automated testing: Automation can be used to perform various tests, such as functional testing and performance testing, more efficiently and reliably.

Defect Tracking and Analysis:

Automated defect tracking: AI can automatically track and categorize defects, making it easier to identify trends and root causes.

Automated root cause analysis: AI can use data mining techniques to analyze defect data and identify potential root causes.

The Evolving 7 QC Tools

As AI and automation continue to advance, the 7 QC tools are likely to evolve in the following ways:

Integration with AI and automation platforms: The tools will become more seamlessly integrated with AI and automation platforms, allowing for more efficient data collection, analysis, and decision-making.

Enhanced visualization capabilities: AI can create more sophisticated visualizations, making it easier to understand complex data and identify trends.

Predictive analytics and modeling: The tools will incorporate predictive analytics and modeling techniques to enable proactive quality management.

Real-time monitoring and control: AI-powered systems can provide real-time monitoring of quality metrics and enable automated control of processes.

In conclusion, the future of quality management is bright with the integration of AI and automation. By leveraging these technologies, organizations can enhance the effectiveness of the 7 QC tools and achieve new levels of quality excellence. As AI and automation continue to evolve, it is essential for quality professionals to stay updated on the latest developments and explore how these technologies can be applied to their specific needs.